32 of the juries watched a rape trial and 32 an assault trial. Rob Hastings carefully sheds light on the biggest legal taboo of all, how decisions in criminal court trials are made, in part three of 'The Trial: Secrets of Jury Service' The Act brought a de facto end to civil jury trials in England and Wales save for the causes where the right was guaranteed.. 6 variables: 1. demographic 2. personality traits 3. attitudes 4. defendant characteristics 5. victim characteristics It combines the idea of winning a maximum of votes in a voting game with utility maximization that derives from the winning proposition. Jury representation and decision-making 191 Myths of jury service: summoning and serving 192 High Ethnicity and Low Ethnicity Courts 193 Relative importance of juror ethnicity 197 Jury pools, panel and juries 198 Ethnicity and jury decision-making 201 Diversity and fairness in the … Winter Florida International University, USA and Edith Greene University of Colorado-Colorado Springs, USA COGNITION AND JUROR DECISION-MAKING Imagine a day in the life of a typical juror, whether in England, Canada, New Zealand, Scotland, Ireland, Australia, or the United States. The final jury verdict is a collective decision based on these individual opinions, and understanding juror decision making prior to the deliberations is important for identifying the salient legal and extralegal factors in those decisions. It involved a two-year survey of more than 1,000 jurors at Crown Courts and a separate study of over 68,000 jury verdicts. It is impossible to know the jury members’ motives. The study of jury decision making can contribute to a better understanding of a number of social and cognitive psychological processes. A mock-jury scenario was conducted to evaluate the effects that eye-witness testimonies had on 139 participants. Willmott’s interest started with research into jury decision making, and whether any particular traits or attitudes among jurors can predict guilty or not guilty verdicts. members and verdicts reached by a simple majority) on decision making and juror understanding of the not proven verdict. The report reveals that: all-white juries do not discriminate against defendants from black and minority ethnic backgrounds It is hard to recreate the very real responsibility a juror feels when presented with crucial decisions about a real person’s guilt or innocence. When the jury struggles to all agree on the same verdict, the judge may decide that a verdict can be returned if a majority of the jury can reach an agreement. Dr Rhonda Wheate Discusses Jury Decision-Making on BBC. This incident brought to light the subject of jury competency. The next morning the jury will be called into the courtroom and asked to go to the jury room. The 1933 Act also provided that: "but, save as aforesaid, any action to be tried in that Division may, in the discretion of the court or a judge, be ordered to be tried either with or without a jury." He explained that in most rape trials physical evidence is often of little value, and a victim’s word is put to the test against an assailant’s. What we do know however, in minute detail, is the legal process that guides them in their decision making and despite the lack of ‘hard proof.’ most lawyers actively support trial by jury. Drawing on her earlier research, she explains key issues including: juror selection; how jurors seek to make sense of cases; the differences between Scotland and the UK and the USA; … In order to study the true affects the testimonies have on decision making process, eye-witness testimonies were manipulated into 3 different categories (credible eye-witness, discredited eye-witness and no eye-witness). 13 Counterfactuals cause decision makers to think about alternative outcomes based on what was known at the time that a choice was made. Hindsight bias can be reduced by using counterfactuals and putting the juror at the beginning, in a position of foresight. Background: Research has discovered that certain beliefs and traits in people lead to them being harsher jury members, producing more guilty verdicts, as well as longer sentences. Japan, South Korea and Russia all now make use of lay decision makers in some way and most recently Argentina introduced jury trials for serious criminal cases (Hans, 2008; 2017). Since 1977, more and more cases have been removed from the jury trail by making them summary only. It is also a rich domain for psychologists to mine. However, decision-making research can help criminal justice researchers ascertain what jury bias levels existed in the case, if any, and whether the jurors knew and applied Florida laws properly. According to statistics on crime in England and Wales published in January 2017, there were 141,714 drug offences committed (taken from drugwise.org.uk). The second working paper in the Scottish Jury Research working paper series reports the results of the project relating to the content of jury Making of the jury, and inevitably result in a voting game with utility maximization derives. 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